Reagents
PAS 染色试剂盒（黏液染色，Abcam ab150680）
- Composition
- 商品化 PAS 染色试剂盒（黏液染色）；厂商公开的组分含 Schiff's 试剂、高碘酸溶液、苏木素（改良 Mayer 液）、返蓝剂、淡绿液。
- Use information
- 用于福尔马林固定石蜡包埋组织切片中糖原、基底膜及中性黏液等 PAS 阳性成分的组织化学显示；收到后室温保存，组分未复配时试剂盒可保存 1 年，各组分保存温度以瓶签为准（高碘酸溶液与 Schiff's 试剂 4°C，苏木素、返蓝剂、淡绿液室温）。
Published protocol versions
- FFPE 肾组织切片 PAS 染色 · 试剂盒平衡至室温 · PAS 染色试剂盒 全套试剂室温平衡后按步骤取用（来源未给用量） · 商品化试剂盒，来源货号 AbCam 150680
Source version：protocols.io · vv3 · Elizabeth Neumann; Jamie Allen; Angela R.S. Kruse; Jennifer Harvey; Maya Brewer; Carrie Romer; Mark De Caestecker; Jeff Spraggins · CC BY
eNOS 缺失 db/db 糖尿病肾病参考模型（文献参考） · Verified applicability · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（糖尿病肾病与人类疾病相关性研究的文献参考模型（eNOS 缺失 db/db）；适用性限于肾小球转录网络比较范围；Verified applicability） - FFPE 肾组织 PAS 染色 · Start Frozen samples here: · 高碘酸氧化与 PAS 染色 0.5% 高碘酸 10 分钟；Schiff 试剂 15–30 分钟 · PAS 染色试剂盒，含高碘酸与 Schiff 试剂，避光并在有效期内使用
Source version：protocols.io · vv3 · Elizabeth Neumann; Jamie Allen; Angela R.S. Kruse; Jennifer Harvey; Maya Brewer; Carrie Romer; Mark De Caestecker; Jeff Spraggins · This is an open access protocol distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6J mouse · Verified applicability · 2型糖尿病 (T2D)（HFD group compared with chow-fed controls for metabolic and renal outcomes.；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（HFD 高脂（含高果糖）C57BL/6J 背景：代谢紊乱伴早期肾小球改变；Verified applicability）high-fat diet plus streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes C57BL/6 mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（Mice received 4-6 weeks of 60% kcal fat diet then one 100 mg/kg STZ dose and 12 further weeks of HFD.；Verified applicability） · 2型糖尿病 (T2D)（Does the STZ-HFD model produce more intervertebral disc inflammation and degeneration than db/db?; Intervertebral discs from male C57BL/6 mice, 12 weeks old at start, n=13 STZ-HFD and n=7 vehicle controls；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（HFD+STZ C57BL/6 小鼠：肾损伤与线粒体动力学终点；Verified applicability）streptozotocin-induced diabetes Sprague-Dawley rat · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（Diabetes induced with a single intraperitoneal STZ injection, then insulin withdrawn in the DKA group to produce ketoacidosis.；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（STZ 糖尿病 SD 大鼠：白蛋白尿与肾小球/小管终点读出；Verified applicability）high-fat diet plus streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（NIDDM mice were compared with chow-fed wild-type controls; fasting glucose, urine protein, histology and FNDC5/PGC1alpha staining were assessed.；Verified applicability） · 代谢疾病（高脂饮食联合链脲佐菌素 2 型糖尿病小鼠（品系未报到实体粒度）：用于部分 β 细胞损伤叠加胰岛素抵抗的糖尿病研究。；Verified applicability）high-fat diet plus streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes C57BL/6J mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（Three groups: non-diabetic, diabetic, and diabetic treated with imeglimin；Verified applicability） · 2型糖尿病 (T2D)（Does aerobic exercise alleviate diabetic arterial remodeling through Sirt1?; Male C57BL/6J mice, 6 weeks old; CON, CON-Exe, T2DM and T2DM-Exe groups；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（HFD+小剂量 STZ C57BL/6J 小鼠：ACR 升高、足细胞与纤维化终点；Verified applicability）high-fat diet plus streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes C57BL/6 mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（Mice received 4-6 weeks of 60% kcal fat diet then one 100 mg/kg STZ dose and 12 further weeks of HFD.；Verified applicability） · 2型糖尿病 (T2D)（Does the STZ-HFD model produce more intervertebral disc inflammation and degeneration than db/db?; Intervertebral discs from male C57BL/6 mice, 12 weeks old at start, n=13 STZ-HFD and n=7 vehicle controls；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（HFD+STZ C57BL/6 小鼠：肾损伤与线粒体动力学终点；Verified applicability）db/db C57BLKS mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（Male C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice examined at 8, 16 and 24 weeks of age with db/+ littermate controls.；Verified applicability） · 2型糖尿病 (T2D)（Which renal and metabolic abnormalities develop in db/db mice; db/db mouse kidney and urine at 12 weeks；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（C57BLKS 背景 db/db 小鼠：尿白蛋白/ACR、肾小球系膜基质扩张与 GBM 增厚的 2 型糖尿病肾病模型；Verified applicability）db/db C57BLKS mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（Male C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice examined at 8, 16 and 24 weeks of age with db/+ littermate controls.；Verified applicability） · 2型糖尿病 (T2D)（Which renal and metabolic abnormalities develop in db/db mice; db/db mouse kidney and urine at 12 weeks；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（C57BLKS 背景 db/db 小鼠：尿白蛋白/ACR、肾小球系膜基质扩张与 GBM 增厚的 2 型糖尿病肾病模型；Verified applicability）db/db mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（db/db mice were compared with db/+ controls and with the STZ-HFD model.；Verified applicability） · 代谢疾病（db/db 小鼠（背景未报到实体粒度）：Lepr db/db 瘦素受体功能缺陷，用于遗传性肥胖与 2 型糖尿病研究。；Verified applicability） · 2型糖尿病 (T2D)（Which metabolic and renal abnormalities develop in db/db mice; kidney tissue, urine and serum from db/db mice；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（db/db 小鼠（背景按各研究记载）：白蛋白尿与肾小管线粒体损伤读出；Verified applicability）ob/ob BTBR mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（BTBR ob/ob mice are described as a robust progressive DN model with severe type 2 diabetes and renal damage.；Verified applicability） · 2型糖尿病 (T2D)（Which rodent models and phenotyping methods are appropriate for experimental diabetic nephropathy?; diabetic nephropathy models；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（BTBR ob/ob 小鼠：渐进白蛋白尿、GBM 增厚与系膜基质扩张的 2 型 DN 模型；Verified applicability）high-fat diet plus streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes C57BL/6J mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（Three groups: non-diabetic, diabetic, and diabetic treated with imeglimin；Verified applicability） · 2型糖尿病 (T2D)（Does aerobic exercise alleviate diabetic arterial remodeling through Sirt1?; Male C57BL/6J mice, 6 weeks old; CON, CON-Exe, T2DM and T2DM-Exe groups；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（HFD+小剂量 STZ C57BL/6J 小鼠：ACR 升高、足细胞与纤维化终点；Verified applicability）high-fat diet plus streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mouse (adult induction) · Verified applicability · 2型糖尿病 (T2D)（Adult high-fat diet plus streptozotocin mouse research on hyperglycemia and diabetic kidney injury.；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（成年 HFD+STZ 小鼠：FNDC5/线粒体完整性相关的糖尿病肾损伤；Verified applicability）streptozotocin-induced diabetes C57BL/6J mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（STZ 50 mg/kg daily for 5 days; dorsal full-thickness wounds; DSCG or SP treatment.；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（STZ 糖尿病 C57BL/6J 小鼠：肾小管损伤与足细胞表型读出；Verified applicability）streptozotocin-induced diabetes mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（Review concludes that most available models represent NPDR rather than PDR.；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（STZ 诱导糖尿病小鼠（品系按研究记载）：白蛋白尿、GBM 增厚与系膜基质扩增；Verified applicability）ob/ob mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（ob/ob mice were injected with Lpcat3 or control ASO twice weekly for 5 weeks.；Verified applicability） · 代谢疾病（ob/ob 小鼠（背景未报到实体粒度）：Lep 配体缺失性遗传肥胖，用于瘦素通路与能量代谢研究。；Verified applicability） · 2型糖尿病 (T2D)（Does suppressing Lpcat3 improve insulin resistance and lipid metabolism in diet-induced and genetic obese diabetic mice?; 6-7-week-old ob/ob mice；Verified applicability） · 代谢相关脂肪性肝炎 (MASH)（ob/ob 瘦素缺陷小鼠：遗传性肥胖与胰岛素抵抗背景下肝脏脂肪变及炎症/纤维化二次打击研究；Verified applicability）KK-Ay mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（Review of glomerular pathology in KK-Ay mice.；Verified applicability） · 2型糖尿病 (T2D)（What stages of diabetic nephropathy does the KK-Ay mouse reproduce?; KK-Ay mouse；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（KK-Ay 小鼠：肥胖胰岛素抵抗伴 KIM-1 相关小管脂质摄取与 DKD 进展；Verified applicability） · 代谢相关脂肪性肝炎 (MASH)（KK-Ay 小鼠：Ay 突变遗传性肥胖糖尿病背景上的自发脂肪性肝炎与胰岛素抵抗研究；Verified applicability）Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（Review of progressive albuminuria and renal lesions in ZDF rats.；Verified applicability） · 代谢疾病（ZDF 大鼠：Lepr fa/fa 纯合糖尿病脂肪大鼠，用于肥胖伴显性糖尿病研究。；Verified applicability） · 2型糖尿病 (T2D)（Review of pancreatic, renal, ocular, neural, bone and gonadal complications in obese T2D rat models.; Review-level synthesis of ZDF studies.；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（ZDF 大鼠：高脂喂养诱导的 2 型糖尿病肾渐进性病变（综述汇总）；Verified applicability）Goto-Kakizaki rat · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（GK rats were used as a spontaneous non-obese model of type 2 diabetes.；Verified applicability） · 代谢疾病（Goto-Kakizaki 大鼠：非肥胖型自发 2 型糖尿病大鼠，用于糖代谢与胰岛功能研究。；Verified applicability） · 2型糖尿病 (T2D)（Does resveratrol improve glucose tolerance, tissue lipid handling and pancreatic islet structure in Goto-Kakizaki rats?; GK rats；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（GK 大鼠：非肥胖型 2 型糖尿病肾损伤（模型综述推荐的白蛋白尿/病理读出）；Verified applicability）Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（The review considers OLETF rats a better type 2 diabetic neuropathy model than LETO rats.；Verified applicability） · 代谢疾病（OLETF 大鼠：CCK1 受体缺失突变的自发性多基因代谢综合征大鼠，用于肥胖与 2 型糖尿病研究。；Verified applicability） · 2型糖尿病 (T2D)（Recommendation that diabetic rat models remain essential for developing novel drugs and understanding human diabetes.; Review-level conclusion.；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（OLETF 大鼠：自发 2 型糖尿病肾大球硬化与小管间质纤维化（综述推荐）；Verified applicability）Akita mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（The review reports that the Ins2 Akita mouse is a robust model of diabetic sympathetic autonomic neuropathy corresponding to other rodent models and humans.；Verified applicability） · 代谢疾病（Ins2Akita 小鼠：Ins2 显性突变致 β 细胞内质网应激，用于单基因糖尿病与糖代谢研究。；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（Ins2 Akita 小鼠：1 型糖尿病白蛋白尿与肾小球病变；Verified applicability）OVE26 transgenic diabetic mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（The review lists OVE26 as a T1D model based on beta-cell calmodulin overexpression.；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（OVE26 转基因糖尿病小鼠：足细胞形态与转录改变、肾小球超微结构病变；Verified applicability）alloxan-induced diabetes rat · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（Alloxan-induced diabetic rats are a chemical model of insulin-deficient diabetes used in diabetic neuropathy research; the cited review notes that alloxan is now less commonly used than streptozotocin.；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（四氧嘧啶糖尿病大鼠：白蛋白尿与肾小球病变（综述记载）；Verified applicability）streptozotocin-induced diabetes rat · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（The review presents the streptozotocin rat as a classic model with reduced nerve fiber, axon and myelin size, but notes it was not validated with antineuropathic drugs.；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（STZ 糖尿病大鼠：肾小球基底膜样物质积聚的经典 1 型 DN 大鼠模型；Verified applicability）streptozotocin-induced diabetes Sprague-Dawley rat · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（Diabetes induced with a single intraperitoneal STZ injection, then insulin withdrawn in the DKA group to produce ketoacidosis.；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（STZ 糖尿病 SD 大鼠：白蛋白尿与肾小球/小管终点读出；Verified applicability）streptozotocin-induced diabetes Wistar rat · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（Streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats were used to examine retinal rhodopsin generation and the development of diabetic retinopathy.；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（STZ 糖尿病 Wistar 大鼠：光生物调节/线粒体相关肾损伤读出；Verified applicability）t2dn/mcwi rat · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（Review of glomerulosclerosis and proteinuria in the T2DN/Mcwi substrain.；Verified applicability） · 2型糖尿病 (T2D)（Is the T2DN/Mcwi rat suitable for advanced diabetic nephropathy research?; T2DN/Mcwi rat；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（T2DN/Mcwi 大鼠：自发性 2 型糖尿病肾病伴高血压与白蛋白尿（综述记载）；Verified applicability）streptozotocin-induced diabetes TTRhRen mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（The review recommends TTRhRen mice with low-dose STZ as a hypertension-accelerated model of advanced diabetic nephropathy.；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（TTRhRen 转基因 STZ 糖尿病小鼠：肾素过高表达加重的 DN 表型（综述记载）；Verified applicability）NOD mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（NOD mice with slow insulitis development were compared with BDC2.5/NOD mice to identify paths associated with early insulitis.；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（NOD 小鼠：自身免疫 1 型糖尿病伴肾小球 PAS 病变（综述推荐）；Verified applicability）BioBreeding (BB) rat · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（BB rats model spontaneous autoimmune diabetes but carry lymphopenia absent in human T1D.；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（BB 大鼠：自发 1 型糖尿病肾小球病变（综述推荐）；Verified applicability）eNOS 缺失 db/db 糖尿病肾病参考模型（文献参考） · Verified applicability · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（糖尿病肾病与人类疾病相关性研究的文献参考模型（eNOS 缺失 db/db）；适用性限于肾小球转录网络比较范围；Verified applicability）db/db mouse (C57BL/6 background) · Verified applicability · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（C57BL/6 背景 db/db 小鼠：白蛋白尿与系膜基质扩张（较 BKS 缓和的 2 型 DN 背景）；Verified applicability） · 代谢相关脂肪性肝炎 (MASH)（db/db 瘦素受体缺陷 C57BL/6 背景小鼠：高脂/复合打击下评估肝脏脂肪变、炎症与纤维化进展的遗传肥胖胰岛素抵抗模型；Verified applicability）uninephrectomized db/db mouse (C57BLKS background) · Verified applicability · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（UNX 后 db/db 小鼠：加速的蛋白尿、肾小管萎缩与间质纤维化；Verified applicability）streptozotocin-induced diabetic eNOS (Nos3) knockout mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（低剂量 STZ 糖尿病 eNOS 缺失小鼠：系膜扩张、系膜溶解与进行性肾小球硬化（综述汇总证据）；Verified applicability）streptozotocin-induced diabetes C57BL/6 mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（High-dose streptozotocin-induced insulin-deficient diabetic mice were used to study diabetic wound healing and the PNS mechanism; this is not a type 2 diabetes model.；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（STZ 糖尿病 C57BL/6 小鼠：HMGB1/系膜与小管间质终点；Verified applicability）streptozotocin-induced diabetes DBA/2 mouse · Verified applicability · 糖尿病模型（Review of strain-dependent albuminuria and mortality.；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（STZ 糖尿病 DBA/2 小鼠：综述列为糖尿病肾小球病变易感品系；Verified applicability）db/db (Lepr^db) · Verified applicability · 2型糖尿病 (T2D)（db/db 模型用于肥胖相关胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病研究，适用性受遗传背景影响。；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病肾病 (DN)（C57BLKS 背景 db/db 模型用于糖尿病肾病研究，仅部分重现人类疾病特征。；Verified applicability） · 代谢疾病（db/db 模型用于肥胖及代谢异常研究，适用性受遗传背景影响。；Verified applicability） · 糖尿病模型（db/db 模型用于糖尿病机制及干预研究；适用性依据为文献报道。；Verified applicability）