染色
方法说明
- 方法分类
- 组织病理
- 技术原理
- 将针对特定成分类别(DNA、蛋白质、脂质或糖类)的染料加到基质上,以对某一化合物的存在进行定性或定量判读的过程。
- 输入样本
- tissue section · cell
- 可回答的研究问题
- 未提供
- 输出与判读
- 输出为靶成分被染料特异着色(或伴随光学性质改变)后的显微观察结果:既可在明场下定性与定位,也可结合数字图像分析定量,例如天狼星红(Picrosirius red)使胶原纤维呈红色并使其在偏振光下呈双折射,该性质被用于纤维化与组织重塑的定量评估。
- 适用条件
- 适用于组织切片(如石蜡包埋、承载于载玻片的切片)以及细胞与细胞成分的显微可视化与组织化学显示;定量判读的可靠性取决于所选染料对目标成分类别的特异性。
- 局限
- 染料可发生非特异性着色(如天狼星红可同时染细胞核、角透明颗粒与黏液),需通过预处理或在判读中排除;依赖染色特性做进一步分类(如以天狼星红区分 I 型与 III 型胶原纤维)并不总是可靠,免疫组织化学等方法可提供更确定的区分。
已发布模型
- CC G×E 多品系队列 (NZO 背景)
- CC042 重度 MASH 模型
- db/db (Lepr^db)
- ApoE⁻⁻ 动脉粥样硬化模型
- Ldlr⁻⁻ 动脉粥样硬化模型
- eNOS 缺失 db/db 糖尿病肾病参考模型（文献参考）
- streptozotocin-induced diabetes C57BL/6 mouse
- Goto-Kakizaki rat
- db/db C57BLKS mouse
- streptozotocin-induced diabetes TTRhRen mouse
- high-fat diet plus streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes C57BL/6J mouse
- Akita mouse
- streptozotocin-induced diabetes mouse
- high-fat diet plus streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes C57BL/6 mouse
- ob/ob mouse
- streptozotocin-induced diabetes C57BL/6J mouse
- Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat
- OVE26 transgenic diabetic mouse
- alloxan-induced diabetes rat
- t2dn/mcwi rat
- KK-Ay mouse
- streptozotocin-induced diabetes DBA/2 mouse
- ob/ob BTBR mouse
- streptozotocin-induced diabetes Wistar rat
- Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat
- streptozotocin-induced diabetes rat
- streptozotocin-induced diabetes Sprague-Dawley rat
- db/db mouse
- NOD mouse
- BioBreeding (BB) rat
- high-fat diet plus streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mouse
- ApoE-deficient mouse
- ApoE-deficient C57BL/6J mouse
- ApoE-deficient C57BL/6 mouse
- LDL receptor-deficient mouse
- LDL receptor-deficient C57BL/6 mouse
- LDL receptor-deficient C57BL/6J mouse
- High-fat diet-fed C57BL/6 mouse
- High-fat diet-fed mouse
- PCSK9-AAV hypercholesterolemic mouse
- ApoE3-Leiden mouse
- ApoE-deficient Fbn1 C1039G+/- mouse
- CDAHFD 饮食诱导 NASH 模型（C57BL/6J 小鼠）
- 高脂高果糖饮食诱导代谢综合征模型（C57BL/6 小鼠）
- choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet-fed mouse
- methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet-fed mouse
- high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6J mouse
- high-fat diet plus streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mouse (adult induction)
- db/db mouse (C57BL/6 background)
- uninephrectomized db/db mouse (C57BLKS background)
- streptozotocin-induced diabetic eNOS (Nos3) knockout mouse
- ALIOS (American lifestyle-induced obesity syndrome) model: Western diet and sedentary behaviour-induced NASH mouse
- Atherogenic diet-fed C57BL/6J mouse
- db/db mouse on methionine-choline-deficient diet
- DIAMOND model: Western diet with glucose-fructose sugar water-induced NASH in B6/129 mouse
- STAM (neonatal streptozotocin injection followed by high-fat diet) mouse
- Western diet-induced NASH C57BL/6J mouse
已发布方案版本
- 天狼星红（Picrosirius red）胶原染色
来源版本：protocols.io · vv1 · Samson Dowland · Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)
- 小鼠主动脉根与头臂动脉病变油红 O 染色及面积定量
来源版本：protocols.io · vv1 · Daniel Teupser; Jan Breslow · This is an open access protocol distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
- 天狼星红（Picrosirius red）胶原染色
来源版本：protocols.io · vv1 · Samson Dowland · Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)
- 天狼星红（Picrosirius red）胶原染色
来源版本：protocols.io · vv1 · Samson Dowland · Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)
- FFPE 肾组织 PAS 染色
来源版本：protocols.io · vv3 · Elizabeth Neumann; Jamie Allen; Angela R.S. Kruse; Jennifer Harvey; Maya Brewer; Carrie Romer; Mark De Caestecker; Jeff Spraggins · This is an open access protocol distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
- 天狼星红（Picrosirius red）胶原染色
来源版本：protocols.io · vv1 · Samson Dowland · Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)
参考文献
- staining (OBI:0302887), OBI 2026-05-08（定义:向基质加入类别特异性(DNA、蛋白质、脂质、糖类)染料以定性或定量特定化合物存在的过程）
- cytological stain role (OBI:0000026), OBI 2026-05-08（染料角色:用于使细胞及细胞成分着色以实现可视化的情形,支持细胞类样品与显微可视化用途）
- automatic staining machine (OBI:0001063), OBI 2026-05-08（定义为对载玻片上的组织切片或组织标本进行染色的设备,佐证染色的作用对象为切片/组织标本）
- Dowland S. Picrosirius red staining for histology. protocols.io v1, 2025-08-20. DOI:10.17504/protocols.io.ewov11oxpvr2/v1; 许可 CC BY.（石蜡组织切片的组织化学染色;胶原染红并具偏振双折射、可数字图像定量;非特异着色成分与胶原亚型区分不可靠的局限）