实验性疾病诱导

What this technique is

Category

Model induction & validation

Principle

通过有计划的方案应用在实验生物体内诱发特定疾病的过程;化学处理(如葡聚糖硫酸钠、TNBS、链脲佐菌素)、膳食负荷与手术操作(如脑缺血再灌注)等成模手段均属此类,具体的处理物质、剂量与操作步骤由引用本方法的实验方案规定。

Input samples

mouse · rat

Research questions

Not provided

Output and readout

输出为形成所定义疾病表型的实验动物,成模与否须按该疾病对应的指标组合确认:DSS 结肠炎以腹泻、肉眼便血与体重下降结合结肠病理(糜烂、隐窝脓肿)判定;MCAO 缺血模型以脑血流监测、神经功能评分与梗死体积判定;神经毒素帕金森模型以形态学、生化与行为学测量判定。

Applicability

适用于在活体动物中重现特定疾病状态以研究发病机制与评价干预措施;诱导手段决定模型所模拟的病理环节——化学剂模拟β细胞丧失,膳食与肥胖诱导模型反映胰岛素抵抗和代谢紊乱,手术性血流阻断模拟局部缺血,应与研究问题对应选择。

Limitations

诱导建立的疾病状态只覆盖人类疾病的部分病理环节:糖尿病领域没有单一模型能完全复现人类疾病,小鼠糖尿病肾病模型仅部分复现人类病变表现,据此向人的外推需要独立证据;成模的可靠性与可重复性受具体术式与操作方式影响(如 MCAO 中不同血管处理方式在术中术后死亡与稳定性上表现不同),须按方案质控逐批确认。

Standard concept source：OBI:0600030 · OBI · 2026-05-08

已发布模型

• streptozotocin-induced diabetes C57BL/6 mouse
• high-fat diet plus streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes C57BL/6J mouse
• streptozotocin-induced diabetes mouse
• streptozotocin-induced diabetes C57BL/6J mouse
• high-fat diet plus streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mouse (adult induction)

Published protocol versions

• 小鼠低剂量链脲佐菌素多次注射糖尿病诱导

  Source version：protocols.io · vv2 · Frank Brosius · This is an open access protocol distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited

References

1. experimental disease induction (OBI:0600030), OBI 2026-05-08（定义:a protocol application to induce a specific disease in an organism）
2. Okayasu I, Hatakeyama S, Yamada M, et al. A novel method in the induction of reliable experimental acute and chronic ulcerative colitis in mice. Gastroenterology. 1990;98(3):694-702. PMID:1688816; DOI:10.1016/0016-5085(90)90290-H.（饮水给予葡聚糖硫酸钠在小鼠诱导急慢性结肠炎;腹泻、肉眼便血、体重下降与结肠糜烂、隐窝脓肿等表型确认）
3. Clark WM, Lessov N, Lauten JD, et al. Doxycycline treatment reduces ischemic brain damage in transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat. J Mol Neurosci. 1997;9(2):103-108. PMID:9407391; DOI:10.1007/BF02736854.（大鼠线栓法可逆 MCAO 作为局灶脑缺血再灌注模型,以神经功能评分与梗死体积评估并用于药物治疗评价）
4. Oiwa Y, Sanchez-Pernaute R, Harvey-White J, et al. Progressive and extensive dopaminergic degeneration induced by convection-enhanced delivery of 6-hydroxydopamine into the rat striatum: a novel rodent model of Parkinson disease. J Neurosurg. 2003;98(1):136-144. PMID:12546362; DOI:10.3171/jns.2003.98.1.0136.（大鼠纹状体 6-OHDA 输注诱导帕金森模型,以形态学、生化与行为学测量评估）
5. Hu Y, Yang ZH, Yan F, et al. CCA repair or ECA ligation—Which middle cerebral artery occlusion is better in the reperfusion mouse model? iBrain. 2023;9(3):258-269. PMID:37786756; DOI:10.1002/ibra.12128.（小鼠 MCAO 再灌注模型以脑血流监测与术后死亡等评价术式差异,术式影响成模可靠性）
6. Like AA, Rossini AA. Streptozotocin-induced pancreatic insulitis: new model of diabetes mellitus. Science. 1976;193(4251):415-417. PMID:180605; DOI:10.1126/science.180605.（小鼠多次小剂量链脲佐菌素注射诱导胰岛炎并进展为糖尿病）
7. Dewalkar LP. Experimental models in diabetes research. Lab Anim Res. 2026;42. PMID:42387633; DOI:10.1186/s42826-026-00286-6.（化学剂如链脲佐菌素/四氧嘧啶模拟β细胞丧失,膳食与肥胖诱导模型反映胰岛素抵抗与代谢紊乱;没有单一模型能完全复现人类糖尿病;实验模型用于机制研究与干预评价）
8. Hodgin JB, Nair V, Zhang H, et al. Identification of cross-species shared transcriptional networks of diabetic nephropathy in human and mouse glomeruli. Diabetes. 2013;62(1):299-308. PMID:23139354; DOI:10.2337/db11-1667.（啮齿类模型仅部分复现人类糖尿病肾病病变表现,限制其效用）