疾病
糖尿病模型
疾病介绍
疾病分类：endocrine pancreas disorder／pancreas disorder／glucose metabolism disease／digestive system disorder／metabolic disease／endocrine system disorder
糖尿病是以血糖异常升高为特征的代谢紊乱，与胰岛素生成减少、胰岛素抵抗或敏感性降低有关。
标准定义来源：MONDO:0005015 diabetes mellitus · 本体版本 2026-10-06
适用模型（已发布且已验证）
- db/db (Lepr^db) · db/db 模型用于糖尿病机制及干预研究；适用性依据为文献报道。 · 已验证适用
- ob/ob (Lep^ob) · ob/ob 模型用于糖尿病机制及干预研究；适用性依据为文献报道。 · 已验证适用
- STZ 诱导糖尿病模型 · STZ 模型用于糖尿病机制及干预研究；适用性依据为文献报道。 · 已验证适用
- NOD 自发性1型糖尿病模型（文献参考） · 自身免疫性 1 型糖尿病自发进程与免疫干预研究的文献参考模型（NOD） · 已验证适用
- streptozotocin-induced diabetes C57BL/6 mouse · High-dose streptozotocin-induced insulin-deficient diabetic mice were used to study diabetic wound healing and the PNS mechanism; this is not a type 2 diabetes model. · 已验证适用
- high-fat diet plus low-dose streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes rodent · The review reports that high caloric feeding combined with low-dose STZ is used to overcome low penetrance of HFD-induced diabetes. · 已验证适用
- Zucker diabetic Sprague-Dawley (ZDSD) rat · The review concludes that the ZDSD rat progresses from prediabetes to overt diabetes and is an advantageous preclinical model of type 2 diabetes. · 已验证适用
- ob/ob C57BL/6 mouse · ob/ob mice are severely obese and insulin resistant but do not fully reproduce human T2D. · 已验证适用
- Goto-Kakizaki rat · GK rats were used as a spontaneous non-obese model of type 2 diabetes. · 已验证适用
- db/db C57BLKS mouse · Male C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice examined at 8, 16 and 24 weeks of age with db/+ littermate controls. · 已验证适用
- high-fat diet plus low-dose streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes C57BL/6J mouse · Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity assessed by GTT and ITT · 已验证适用
- streptozotocin-induced diabetes TTRhRen mouse · The review recommends TTRhRen mice with low-dose STZ as a hypertension-accelerated model of advanced diabetic nephropathy. · 已验证适用
- high-fat diet plus streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes C57BL/6J mouse · Three groups: non-diabetic, diabetic, and diabetic treated with imeglimin · 已验证适用
- Akita mouse · The review reports that the Ins2 Akita mouse is a robust model of diabetic sympathetic autonomic neuropathy corresponding to other rodent models and humans. · 已验证适用
- university of california davis type 2 diabetes mellitus UCD-T2DM rat · The review reports that fed or fasting blood glucose above 200 mg/dl is a commonly used criterion for diabetes onset in this model. · 已验证适用
- streptozotocin-induced diabetes mouse · Review concludes that most available models represent NPDR rather than PDR. · 已验证适用
- high-fat diet plus streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes C57BL/6 mouse · Mice received 4-6 weeks of 60% kcal fat diet then one 100 mg/kg STZ dose and 12 further weeks of HFD. · 已验证适用
- ob/ob mouse · ob/ob mice were injected with Lpcat3 or control ASO twice weekly for 5 weeks. · 已验证适用
- high-fat diet-induced obesity mouse · Y5 was given subcutaneously every 3 days at 25, 50 or 75 nmol/kg. · 已验证适用
- streptozotocin-induced diabetes C57BL/6J mouse · STZ 50 mg/kg daily for 5 days; dorsal full-thickness wounds; DSCG or SP treatment. · 已验证适用
- spontaneously diabetic wbn/kob rat · The review recommends WBN/Kob rats as a better model for human peripheral diabetic neuropathy because of primary segmental demyelination and secondary axonal degeneration. · 已验证适用
- Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rat · The review considers OLETF rats a better type 2 diabetic neuropathy model than LETO rats. · 已验证适用
- Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) rat · Review states that SDT rats most closely resemble human pathophysiology but lack microaneurysms. · 已验证适用
- OVE26 transgenic diabetic mouse · The review lists OVE26 as a T1D model based on beta-cell calmodulin overexpression. · 已验证适用
- 高脂饮食代谢模型（C57BL/6背景） · HFD-fed wild-type mice were compared with normal-diet controls and with ob/ob and DKO mice. · 已验证适用
- alloxan-induced diabetes rat · Alloxan-induced diabetic rats are a chemical model of insulin-deficient diabetes used in diabetic neuropathy research; the cited review notes that alloxan is now less commonly used than streptozotocin. · 已验证适用
- spontaneous autoimmune type 1 diabetes LEW.1AR1-IDDM rat · LEW rats provide a congenic spontaneous autoimmune T1D model with a short pre-diabetic period. · 已验证适用
- t2dn/mcwi rat · Review of glomerulosclerosis and proteinuria in the T2DN/Mcwi substrain. · 已验证适用
- Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) fatty rat · The review recommends SDT fatty rats for studying pathogenesis and screening antidiabetic peripheral neuropathic drugs, particularly for type 2 diabetes. · 已验证适用
- KK-Ay mouse · Review of glomerular pathology in KK-Ay mice. · 已验证适用
- streptozotocin-induced diabetes DBA/2 mouse · Review of strain-dependent albuminuria and mortality. · 已验证适用
- ob/ob BTBR mouse · BTBR ob/ob mice are described as a robust progressive DN model with severe type 2 diabetes and renal damage. · 已验证适用
- streptozotocin-induced diabetes Wistar rat · Streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats were used to examine retinal rhodopsin generation and the development of diabetic retinopathy. · 已验证适用
- high-fat diet plus low-dose streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes Wistar rat · The diabetic group (n = 40) received high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin to induce type 2 diabetes, then underwent wounding procedures. · 已验证适用
- Akita C57BL/6 mouse · The Ins2 Akita model develops beta-cell depletion and diabetic nephropathy. · 已验证适用
- Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat · Review of progressive albuminuria and renal lesions in ZDF rats. · 已验证适用
- streptozotocin-induced diabetes rat · The review presents the streptozotocin rat as a classic model with reduced nerve fiber, axon and myelin size, but notes it was not validated with antineuropathic drugs. · 已验证适用
- streptozotocin-induced diabetes Sprague-Dawley rat · Diabetes induced with a single intraperitoneal STZ injection, then insulin withdrawn in the DKA group to produce ketoacidosis. · 已验证适用
- NOD/ShiLtJ mouse · Mice developed diabetes spontaneously; diabetic and nondiabetic mice were compared. · 已验证适用
- db/db mouse · db/db mice were compared with db/+ controls and with the STZ-HFD model. · 已验证适用
- NOD mouse · NOD mice with slow insulitis development were compared with BDC2.5/NOD mice to identify paths associated with early insulitis. · 已验证适用
- high-fat diet-induced obesity and diabetes C57BL/6J mouse · HFD-fed mice developed glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, fasting hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia, and noise exposure accelerated these changes. · 已验证适用
- high-fat diet plus low-dose streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes Sprague-Dawley rat · Type 2 diabetic osteoporosis model compared with sham and with streptozotocin-diabetic Belgrade rats. · 已验证适用
- BioBreeding (BB) rat · BB rats model spontaneous autoimmune diabetes but carry lymphopenia absent in human T1D. · 已验证适用
- high-fat diet plus streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes mouse · NIDDM mice were compared with chow-fed wild-type controls; fasting glucose, urine protein, histology and FNDC5/PGC1alpha staining were assessed. · 已验证适用
参考文献
- Noshahr Zahra Samadi, Salmani Hossein, Khajavi Rad Abolfazl, Sahebkar Amirhossein. Animal Models of Diabetes-Associated Renal Injury. Journal of Diabetes Research. 2020.
- Xu Ning, Wang Lili, Wei Yingliang, Zou Pingzhou, Xu Suyang, Liu Chenjun, Yin Bohao, Guan Junjie, Fan Zhiyuan, Wu Shengting, Dai Huiyong, Song Sa, Qi Xin, Zhang Wei. Sustained in situ exosome delivery reprograms the diabetic wound microenvironment to unlock immuno-angiogenic repair. Regenerative Biomaterials. 2026.
- He Huijun, Wang Honglian, Chen Xiaocui, Zhong Yu, Huang Xiao Ru, Ma Ronald CW, Wang Cheng, Lan Hui-Yao. Treatment for type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy by targeting Smad3 signaling. International Journal of Biological Sciences. 2024.
- Wang Andrea N., Carlos Joselia, Fraser Graham M., McGuire John J.. Zucker Diabetic‐Sprague Dawley (ZDSD) rat: Type 2 diabetes translational research model. Experimental Physiology. 2022.
- Niu Tian, Jiang Yan, Xing Xindan, Zhu Qian, Liu Xinyi, Lv Kangjia, Fang Junwei, Liu Kun. ISG15 + Müller glial subtype contributes to early blood–retinal barrier breakdown in diabetic retinopathy. The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2026.
- Jie Ruyan, Tang Ying, Wu Tingting, Zhang Chenfan, Song Man, Zhao Xiaotong, Chen Mingwei. miR-222-3p inhibits diabetic skin wound healing by targeting APLN. International Journal of Molecular Medicine. 2026.
- Huang Shing-Hwa, Kuo Shun-Li, Chen Shyi-Jou, Lin Jeng-Rong, Chen Yuan-Wu, Hong Zhi-Jie, Sytwu Huey-Kang, Lin Gu-Jiun, Bonsi Laura. Alpha-Lipoic Acid Inhibits Spontaneous Diabetes and Autoimmune Recurrence in Non-Obese Diabetic Mice by Enhancing Differentiation of Regulatory T Cells and Showed Potential for Use in Cell Therapies for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022.
- Kalaitzoglou Evangelia, Fowlkes John L., Thrailkill Kathryn M.. Mouse models of type 1 diabetes and their use in skeletal research. Current opinion in endocrinology, diabetes, and obesity. 2022.
- Shi Yiying, Yang Xianmin, Meng Fanxu, Feenstra Anton, Chen Jin, Gu Zongwen, Gao Xiang, Yao Wenqing, Dong Guozhen, Gong Liyan, Wu Han, Zhang Chuanliang, Gu Yuchao. The PTPN1/N2 Peptide Inhibitor Achieves Potent, Long-Acting Glycemic Control and Weight-Loss Dual Efficacy in Mice. ACS Omega. 2026.
- Serreze David V., Tousey‐Pfarrer Marissa, Racine Jeremy J.. Humanized Mouse Models for Type 1 Diabetes. Current Protocols. 2025.
- Islam Md. Shahidul. Animal Models of Diabetic Neuropathy: Progress Since 1960s. Journal of Diabetes Research. 2013.
- González-Soria Isaac, Palacios-Brito Esmeralda, Gómez-Trujillo Dulce, Barragán-Jiménez Karla, Soto-Valadez Axel D., Martínez-Rojas Miguel Angel, Oliva-García Daniel, Aranda Jorge, Pérez-Villalva Rosalba, López-Griego Lorena, Díaz-Villaseñor Andrea, Bobadilla Norma A.. SerpinA3k Deficiency Ameliorates Experimental type 2 Diabetes. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences: CMLS. 2025.
- Al Kury L., Smail M., Qureshi M. A., Sydorenko V., Shmygol A., Oz M., Singh J., Howarth F. C.. Calcium Signaling in the Ventricular Myocardium of the Goto-Kakizaki Type 2 Diabetic Rat. Journal of Diabetes Research. 2018.
- Heydemann Ahlke. An Overview of Murine High Fat Diet as a Model for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of Diabetes Research. 2016.
- Liu Yunwei, Cui Chongsong, Peng You, Zhang Yaqi, Zhong Tuoling, Zhang Hang, Liang Qingshun, Liu Zhenjie. A Rat Model Mimicking Treatment-Induced Painful Diabetic Neuropathy Following Experimental Rapid Weight Loss. Journal of Pain Research. 2026.
- Wong F. Susan, Pearson James A., Wen Li. Is the NOD mouse a good model for type 1 diabetes?. Diabetologia. 2025.
- Giralt-López Anna, Molina-Van den Bosch Mireia, Vergara Ander, García-Carro Clara, Seron Daniel, Jacobs-Cachá Conxita, Soler Maria José. Revisiting Experimental Models of Diabetic Nephropathy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020.
- Kitada Munehiro, Ogura Yoshio, Koya Daisuke. Rodent models of diabetic nephropathy: their utility and limitations. International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease. 2016.
- Fu Sisi, Zhou Fei, Gong Liya, Ye Aili. Amelioration of chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and gut microbiota homeostasis by a combination of Bifidobacterium , Lactobacillus , Enterococcus , and Bacillus in obese type 2 diabetic mice. Nutrition Research and Practice. 2026.
- Wang Baolan, Zhang Dandan, Zhang Fudan, Meng Xue, Zhang Li, Li Zhenzuo, Bostani Amirabas, Datta Choudhury Satabdi. Naringenin Attenuates Diabetic Cardiac Injury via SIRT1 Activation in Streptozotocin‐Induced Rats. Cardiovascular Therapeutics. 2026.