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屋尘螨暴露过敏性气道炎症模型（文献参考）

屋尘螨（HDM）提取物反复鼻内暴露诱导的过敏性气道炎症模型，为常用的实验性哮喘范式之一，可复现人体过敏性哮喘的关键特征：气道高反应性以及循环总IgE与HDM特异性IgE、IgG1水平升高。参考表征中，急性期（末次暴露后约48小时）肺呼气弹性回缩衰减率呈下降趋势、膈肌运动幅度大于其他组别；恢复期（末次暴露后121天）衰减率回到健康对照水平，但呼气相投影肺面积显著减小、膈肌运动幅度持续增大并伴肋间肌参与提示部分用力呼气，而支气管肺泡灌洗无嗜酸性粒细胞、PAS染色无杯状细胞黏液增生、胶原/弹性纤维/αSMA形态计量无显著组织学异常，即表现为持续的功能改变而无明显组织学病变；同一参考研究提示HDM与OVA模型的长期结局不同。

Outcome measures

获得可供光学显微镜观察的 H&E 染色组织切片：细胞核蓝紫色、细胞质与结缔组织纤维粉红色，用于观察组织中细胞的整体结构与形态细节。本方案本身不产出病理评分数值，也不提供特定分子标志物的定量结果。

Experimental animals

Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology
Age
8–10 周龄
Sex
Female
Tissue
lung（肺）
Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology
Age
8–10 周龄
Sex
Female
Tissue
lung（肺）
Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology
Age
8–10 周龄
Sex
Female
Tissue
lung（肺）
Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology
Age
8–10 周龄
Sex
Female
Tissue
lung（肺）
Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology
Age
未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
Sex
Female
Tissue
lung（肺）

Experimental procedures

脱蜡（Dewaxing） 石蜡切片置于二甲苯中脱蜡 3 次，每次 00:03:00。 复水（Rehydration） 石蜡切片依次置于 100% 乙醇中 3 次、每次 00:03:00，再置于 95% 乙醇中 1 次、00:03:00，随后用水漂洗。 苏木素核染色（Hematoxylin staining） 石蜡切片以苏木素染液染色 00:00:20，随后在流水下冲洗 00:01:00。 分化与返蓝（Differentiation and bluing） 石蜡切片置于返蓝液中 00:01:00，随后在流水下冲洗 00:01:00；此步使细胞核呈现蓝色。 伊红染色（Eosin staining） 石蜡切片以伊红复染 00:00:10；此步使细胞质成分与结缔组织纤维呈现粉红色。 脱水与透明（Dehydration and Clearing） 石蜡切片依次置于 95% 乙醇中 00:02:00、100% 乙醇中 2 次、每次 00:02:00，随后置于二甲苯中 2 次、每次 00:02:00。 封片（Mounting） 石蜡切片以 Permount 封片介质加盖玻片封固。

Model identity

Model name
屋尘螨暴露过敏性气道炎症模型（文献参考）
Species
mouse
Taxonomy ID
10090
Strain
BALB/c
Genetic background
BALB/c近交系野生型宿主；气道炎症由屋尘螨提取物鼻内暴露诱导，无基因改造背景；参考研究使用8-9周龄雌性动物。
Genotype / zygosity
非基因改造（屋尘螨提取物暴露诱导）

Biological characteristics

Phenotype stage
诱导与随访阶段：参考方案为50 µg/25 µl HDM提取物（Greer）于第0、7、14、15、16天共5次鼻内滴入；观察节点为急性期（末次暴露后约48小时）与恢复期（末次暴露后121天，约4个月，此时急性炎症已消退）。
Research questions
天然过敏原驱动的慢性气道炎症与气道重塑机制；肺弹性回缩、膈肌运动等无创肺功能读出在过敏性气道炎症长期结局中的应用；不同过敏原暴露范式（如HDM与OVA）长期功能与形态结局差异的比较研究。
Limitations
文献参考模型，不代表公司实际保有、供应或质检；效应依赖暴露方案与剂量、恢复时长及品系背景，OVA致敏/攻击范式不能作为HDM模型的相同条件外推。参考研究仅使用雌性动物，性别特异性应答未在本记录中评估。该参考研究中PBS载体或液体滴注本身引起肺功能参数变化与αSMA下降，载体对照的适用范围有限；较温和模型可随时间完全缓解症状、较激进模型可转为肺纤维化表型，模型选择须对应具体研究问题。该范式仅适用过敏原免疫/过敏研究语境，不涉及病原体感染，不作感染模型用途。

Experimental methods

Experimental protocols

  • Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology

    Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections (4 μm). The workflow covers dewaxing, rehydration, hematoxylin nuclear staining, bluing, eosin counterstaining, dehydration and clearing, and coverslipping, yielding blue-purple nuclei and pink cytoplasm and connective tissue fibers for light-microscopic assessment of cellular and tissue morphology.

  • Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology

    Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections (4 μm). The workflow covers dewaxing, rehydration, hematoxylin nuclear staining, bluing, eosin counterstaining, dehydration and clearing, and coverslipping, yielding blue-purple nuclei and pink cytoplasm and connective tissue fibers for light-microscopic assessment of cellular and tissue morphology.

  • Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology

    Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections (4 μm). The workflow covers dewaxing, rehydration, hematoxylin nuclear staining, bluing, eosin counterstaining, dehydration and clearing, and coverslipping, yielding blue-purple nuclei and pink cytoplasm and connective tissue fibers for light-microscopic assessment of cellular and tissue morphology.

  • Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology

    Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections (4 μm). The workflow covers dewaxing, rehydration, hematoxylin nuclear staining, bluing, eosin counterstaining, dehydration and clearing, and coverslipping, yielding blue-purple nuclei and pink cytoplasm and connective tissue fibers for light-microscopic assessment of cellular and tissue morphology.

  • Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology

    Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections (4 μm). The workflow covers dewaxing, rehydration, hematoxylin nuclear staining, bluing, eosin counterstaining, dehydration and clearing, and coverslipping, yielding blue-purple nuclei and pink cytoplasm and connective tissue fibers for light-microscopic assessment of cellular and tissue morphology.

Reagents and materials

Technical services

Browse technical services

References

  1. Distinct long-term effects on lung function and airway remodeling in ovalbumin and house dust mite mouse models of experimental asthma. Sci Rep 2026. DOI:10.1038/s41598-026-47822-x; PMC13091909; PMID:42000816. 原文方法：雌性BALB/c小鼠（实验开始8-9周龄，Charles River），HDM组以50 µg/25 µl屋尘螨提取物（Greer）于第0、7、14、15、16天5次鼻内滴入，另设MAA/SAA两种OVA方案与PBS及健康对照，急性期（末次攻击后约48小时）与恢复期（121天）以X线肺功能与影像膈肌运动分析、BAL分类计数及PAS/Masson/弹性纤维/αSMA形态计量评价；引言记载HDM模型复现AHR与总IgE、HDM特异性IgE和IgG1升高。
  2. NCBI Taxonomy官方记录：Mus musculus (Mouse)，taxid 10090。页面取回于2026-10-17。
  3. Nathalia L. Oliveira; Samantha Gruenheid. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology. protocols.io, v1, 2026-07-31. DOI: 10.17504/protocols.io.kxygxr9jdg8j
  4. Epredia Signature Series Hematoxylin (7221), 产品信息页, Fisher Scientific
  5. Epredia Signature Series Bluing Reagent (7301), 产品信息页, Fisher Scientific
  6. Epredia Signature Series Eosin Y (7111), 产品信息页, Fisher Scientific
  7. Xylene, Fisherbrand HistoPrep (HC7001GAL), 产品信息页, Fisher Scientific
  8. Fisher Chemical Permount Mounting Medium (SP15 产品族), 产品信息页, Fisher Scientific
  9. Ethanol (CID 702, CAS 64-17-5), PubChem 化合物标准记录
  10. ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines
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