Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology
Browse experimental protocolsHematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections (4 μm). The workflow covers dewaxing, rehydration, hematoxylin nuclear staining, bluing, eosin counterstaining, dehydration and clearing, and coverslipping, yielding blue-purple nuclei and pink cytoplasm and connective tissue fibers for light-microscopic assessment of cellular and tissue morphology.
Scope and method
Sample：固定、石蜡包埋组织切片（4 μm，载于玻片）
- 慢性高剂量 Der p 鼻内激发哮喘模型（C57BL/6，文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- lung
- 烟曲霉致敏咳嗽变异型哮喘模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- lung
- 香烟暴露咳嗽变异型气道模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- lung
- A/J 小鼠鼻内 OVA 哮喘模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- lung
- 豚鼠 OVA 致敏哮喘模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- lung
- 肺 IL-9 过表达气道炎症模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- lung
- 肺 IL-5 转基因嗜酸粒细胞性气道疾病模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- lung
- 肺 IL-13 转基因气道重塑模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- lung
- 饮食性肥胖＋OVA 致敏激发哮喘复合模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- lung
- IL-25/IL-33 腺样因子鼻内给药 ILC2 气道炎症模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- lung
- 链格孢 Alternaria 鼻内激发气道炎症模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- lung
- 鼻内 OVA+LPS 嗜中性粒细胞性气道炎症模型（C57BL/6，文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- lung
- HDM 气管内给药哮喘模型（C57BL/6J，文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- lung
- 粉尘螨经皮致敏＋气道激发模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- lung
- Villin-Cre; conditional Apc deletion colonic adenoma model（文献参考）
- Age
- 12 weeks old (PMID:42834226)
- Tissue
- colon
- Pig APC-mutant FAP model（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- colon
- TCR-β/p53双敲除自发性结直肠癌模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- intestine
- 微卫星不稳定性（MSI）小鼠结直肠癌模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- colon
- P53-deficient CRC model（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- gastrointestinal
- Beta-catenin activating model（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- intestine
- Apc 1322T allele model（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- intestine
- 患者来源异种移植（PDX）结直肠癌模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 6-8 weeks old (PMID:24333725)
- Tissue
- tumour (PDX)
- Spontaneous canine CRC model（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- colon
- Oncopig CRC model（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- colon
- 兔VX2直肠结直肠癌模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- rectum (tumour)
- ApcΔ716 knockout mouse（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- intestine
- ApcPirc/+ rat CRC model（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- colon
- Apc1638N/+ intestinal adenocarcinoma model（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- colon
- Azoxymethane (AOM) carcinogen-induced CRC model（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- colon
- Iκκ-γ(NEMO) 肠上皮条件缺陷结肠炎模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- colon
- SAMP1/YitFc 自发 Crohn 样回肠炎模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- ileum
- Muc2-/- 自发结肠炎模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- colon
- CD4+CD45RB-high T 细胞过继转输结肠炎模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- colon
- 恶唑酮结肠炎模型（文献参考）
- Age
- not reported in source; ex-vivo endpoint-collected fixed tissue section, HE readout
- Tissue
- colon
- High-fat (15%) high-cholesterol (1%) diet mouse
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- liver
- CDAA diet plus carbon tetrachloride mouse
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- liver
- Mc4r-deficient mouse on a high-fat diet
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- liver
- High-fat diet-induced NASH Sprague-Dawley rat
- Age
- as reported in cited studies
- Tissue
- liver
- db/db mouse on methionine-choline-deficient diet
- Age
- as reported in cited studies
- Tissue
- liver
- ALIOS (American lifestyle-induced obesity syndrome) model: Western diet and sedentary behaviour-induced NASH mouse
- Age
- as reported in cited studies
- Tissue
- liver
- Hepatocyte-specific Pten-deficient mouse
- Age
- as reported in cited studies
- Tissue
- liver
- TSOD mouse
- Age
- as reported in cited studies
- Tissue
- liver
- Alms1-mutant foz/foz mouse
- Age
- as reported in cited studies
- Tissue
- liver
- DIAMOND model: Western diet with glucose-fructose sugar water-induced NASH in B6/129 mouse
- Age
- as reported in cited studies
- Tissue
- liver
- Atherogenic diet-fed C57BL/6J mouse
- Age
- as reported in cited studies
- Tissue
- liver
- STAM (neonatal streptozotocin injection followed by high-fat diet) mouse
- Age
- as reported in cited studies
- Tissue
- liver
- Western diet-induced NASH C57BL/6J mouse
- Age
- as reported in cited studies
- Tissue
- liver
- High-fat diet-fed C57BL/6J mouse
- Age
- as reported in cited studies
- Tissue
- liver
- KK-Ay mouse
- Age
- as reported in cited studies
- Tissue
- liver
- ob/ob mouse
- Age
- as reported in cited studies
- Tissue
- liver
- db/db mouse (C57BL/6 background)
- Age
- as reported in cited studies
- Tissue
- liver
- SHR/N-corpulent (SHR/N-cp) rat
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Sex
- Male
- Tissue
- kidney sections
- JCR:LA-corpulent (JCR:LA-cp) rat
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- vasculature sections
- Zucker fatty (fa/fa) rat
- Age
- 22 周龄(PMID:28953222)
- Tissue
- liver sections
- toxic milk Jackson (txJ) mouse
- Age
- 12-16 周龄(PMID:29473169)
- Tissue
- liver sections
- toxic milk (tx) mouse
- Age
- 12-16 周龄(PMID:29473169)
- Tissue
- liver sections
- Labrador retriever with canine hereditary copper toxicosis (Wilson disease model)
- Age
- 12-16 周龄(PMID:29473169)
- Sex
- Mixed
- Tissue
- liver sections
- LPP rat (LEC × PVG-derived Atp7b mutant)
- Age
- 12-16 周龄(PMID:29473169)
- Tissue
- liver sections
- Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rat
- Age
- 12-16 周龄(PMID:29473169)
- Tissue
- liver sections
- Atp7b knockout mouse (Wilson disease)
- Age
- 12-16 周龄(PMID:29473169)
- Tissue
- liver sections
- high-fat diet-induced obesity mouse (strain not reported)
- Age
- 22 周龄(PMID:28953222)
- Tissue
- liver sections
- atherogenic diet-fed mouse
- Age
- 22 周龄(PMID:28953222)
- Tissue
- liver sections
- methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet-fed mouse
- Age
- 22 周龄(PMID:28953222)
- Tissue
- liver sections
- choline-deficient L-amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet-fed mouse
- Age
- 22 周龄(PMID:28953222)
- Tissue
- liver sections
- 高脂高果糖饮食诱导代谢综合征模型（C57BL/6 小鼠）
- Age
- 12 周龄(PMID:24196354)
- Sex
- Male
- Tissue
- liver
- GALT 缺失经典半乳糖血症模型（SD 大鼠）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Sex
- Mixed
- Tissue
- liver and brain
- CDAHFD 饮食诱导 NASH 模型（C57BL/6J 小鼠）
- Age
- 1-24 周龄(PMID:23305254)
- Sex
- Male
- Tissue
- liver
- high-fat diet plus low-dose streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes C57BL/6J mouse
- Age
- 4 周龄(PMID:42856840)
- Tissue
- liver
- db/db (Lepr^db)
- Age
- 6 周龄(PMID:34183063)
- Tissue
- liver
- ob/ob (Lep^ob)
- Age
- 6 周龄(PMID:34183063)
- Tissue
- liver
- High-fat diet-fed C57BL/6 mouse
- Age
- 12 周龄(PMID:24196354)
- Sex
- Male
- Tissue
- liver
- OVA 致敏激发过敏性气道炎症模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Sex
- Female
- Tissue
- lung（肺，含主支气管）
- Il10 基因缺失自发性结肠炎模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- colon（结肠；来源同时观察小肠各段）
- TNBS 相关结肠炎模型（大鼠，文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Sex
- Male
- Tissue
- colon（结肠）
- AOM/DSS 结肠炎相关结肠肿瘤模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- colon（结肠，含远端结肠肿瘤）
- DSS 诱导结肠炎模型
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Sex
- Male
- Tissue
- colon（结肠，Swiss roll）
- CC011 自发性慢性结肠炎
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- colon（结肠）
- GAN 饮食相关 MASH 模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- liver（肝）
- MC38 同系移植瘤模型（C57BL/6，文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Sex
- Female
- Tissue
- tumor（MC38wt 皮下移植瘤）
- 屋尘螨暴露过敏性气道炎症模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Sex
- Female
- Tissue
- lung（肺）
- AMLN 饮食相关 MASH 模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Sex
- Male
- Tissue
- liver（肝）
- CT26 同系移植瘤模型（BALB/c，文献参考）
- Age
- 6-8 周龄(PMID:42876090)
- Tissue
- tumour (subcutaneous allograft, FFPE)
- ApcMin/+ mouse model of intestinal polyposis
- Age
- 8 周龄(PMID:27246043)
- Tissue
- intestine (small intestine predominant)
- DMH诱导结直肠癌大鼠模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 产后 53 日(PMID:30370256)
- Tissue
- colon
- DSS 诱导结肠炎模型（BALB/c，文献参考）
- Age
- 6 周龄(PMID:24194783)
- Tissue
- colon
- TNBS 诱导结肠炎模型（C57BL/6 小鼠，文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- colon
- 乙酸诱导结肠炎模型（Wistar 大鼠，文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- colon
- 屋尘螨（HDM）气道激发模型（C57BL/6，文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- lung
- 慢性高剂量 Der p 鼻内激发哮喘模型（C57BL/6，文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- lung
- 烟曲霉致敏咳嗽变异型哮喘模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- lung
- 香烟暴露咳嗽变异型气道模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- lung
- A/J 小鼠鼻内 OVA 哮喘模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- lung
- 豚鼠 OVA 致敏哮喘模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- lung
- 肺 IL-9 过表达气道炎症模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- lung
- 肺 IL-5 转基因嗜酸粒细胞性气道疾病模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- lung
- 肺 IL-13 转基因气道重塑模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- lung
- 饮食性肥胖＋OVA 致敏激发哮喘复合模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- lung
- IL-25/IL-33 腺样因子鼻内给药 ILC2 气道炎症模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- lung
- 链格孢 Alternaria 鼻内激发气道炎症模型（文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- lung
- 鼻内 OVA+LPS 嗜中性粒细胞性气道炎症模型（C57BL/6，文献参考）
- Age
- 未记载周龄，终点取材组织切片 HE 判读（离体）
- Tissue
- lung
Reagents and materials
Procedure
脱蜡（Dewaxing）
石蜡切片置于二甲苯中脱蜡 3 次，每次 00:03:00。
复水（Rehydration）
石蜡切片依次置于 100% 乙醇中 3 次、每次 00:03:00，再置于 95% 乙醇中 1 次、00:03:00，随后用水漂洗。
苏木素核染色（Hematoxylin staining）
石蜡切片以苏木素染液染色 00:00:20，随后在流水下冲洗 00:01:00。
分化与返蓝（Differentiation and bluing）
石蜡切片置于返蓝液中 00:01:00，随后在流水下冲洗 00:01:00；此步使细胞核呈现蓝色。
伊红染色（Eosin staining）
石蜡切片以伊红复染 00:00:10；此步使细胞质成分与结缔组织纤维呈现粉红色。
脱水与透明（Dehydration and Clearing）
石蜡切片依次置于 95% 乙醇中 00:02:00、100% 乙醇中 2 次、每次 00:02:00，随后置于二甲苯中 2 次、每次 00:02:00。
封片（Mounting）
石蜡切片以 Permount 封片介质加盖玻片封固。
Quality control and readouts
返蓝步骤后细胞核应显蓝色；伊红复染后细胞质成分与结缔组织纤维应显粉红色；经脱水与透明后切片应透明、适于光镜观察，细胞与组织结构形态清晰可辨。
获得可供光学显微镜观察的 H&E 染色组织切片：细胞核蓝紫色、细胞质与结缔组织纤维粉红色，用于观察组织中细胞的整体结构与形态细节。本方案本身不产出病理评分数值，也不提供特定分子标志物的定量结果。
References
- Nathalia L. Oliveira; Samantha Gruenheid. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology. protocols.io, v1, 2026-07-31. DOI: 10.17504/protocols.io.kxygxr9jdg8j
- Epredia Signature Series Hematoxylin (7221), 产品信息页, Fisher Scientific
- Epredia Signature Series Bluing Reagent (7301), 产品信息页, Fisher Scientific
- Epredia Signature Series Eosin Y (7111), 产品信息页, Fisher Scientific
- Xylene, Fisherbrand HistoPrep (HC7001GAL), 产品信息页, Fisher Scientific
- Fisher Chemical Permount Mounting Medium (SP15 产品族), 产品信息页, Fisher Scientific
- Ethanol (CID 702, CAS 64-17-5), PubChem 化合物标准记录
Technical services
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