Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rat

The most extensively researched rodent model of Wilson disease. At 12-16 weeks the LEC rats develop fulminant hepatitis with jaundice, subcutaneous bleeding, oliguria, weight loss and convulsions; over time copper also accumulates in the brain.

Outcome measures

获得可供光学显微镜观察的 H&E 染色组织切片：细胞核蓝紫色、细胞质与结缔组织纤维粉红色，用于观察组织中细胞的整体结构与形态细节。本方案本身不产出病理评分数值，也不提供特定分子标志物的定量结果。

Experimental animals

Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology

Age: 12-16 周龄(PMID:29473169)
Tissue: liver sections

Experimental procedures

脱蜡（Dewaxing）石蜡切片置于二甲苯中脱蜡 3 次，每次 00:03:00。复水（Rehydration）石蜡切片依次置于 100% 乙醇中 3 次、每次 00:03:00，再置于 95% 乙醇中 1 次、00:03:00，随后用水漂洗。苏木素核染色（Hematoxylin staining）石蜡切片以苏木素染液染色 00:00:20，随后在流水下冲洗 00:01:00。分化与返蓝（Differentiation and bluing）石蜡切片置于返蓝液中 00:01:00，随后在流水下冲洗 00:01:00；此步使细胞核呈现蓝色。伊红染色（Eosin staining）石蜡切片以伊红复染 00:00:10；此步使细胞质成分与结缔组织纤维呈现粉红色。脱水与透明（Dehydration and Clearing）石蜡切片依次置于 95% 乙醇中 00:02:00、100% 乙醇中 2 次、每次 00:02:00，随后置于二甲苯中 2 次、每次 00:02:00。封片（Mounting）石蜡切片以 Permount 封片介质加盖玻片封固。

Model identity

Model name: Long-Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rat
Species: rat
Strain: Long-Evans Cinnamon
Genetic background: Long-Evans
Genotype / zygosity: Atp7b deletion
Allele: Atp7b 900 bp deletion

Biological characteristics

Research questions: Which animal models reproduce hepatic and neurological Wilson disease.
Limitations: The LEC background carries additional mutations affecting serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT), coat colour and immune traits. These background changes are distinct from the Atp7b deletion and can confound interpretation. Brain copper accumulation does not consistently produce a convincing neurological phenotype.

Experimental methods

组织学分析

Experimental protocols

Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology
Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections (4 μm). The workflow covers dewaxing, rehydration, hematoxylin nuclear staining, bluing, eosin counterstaining, dehydration and clearing, and coverslipping, yielding blue-purple nuclei and pink cytoplasm and connective tissue fibers for light-microscopic assessment of cellular and tissue morphology.

Reagents and materials

组织学二甲苯（混合异构体）
脱蜡剂
Ethanol
复水梯度溶剂（去除二甲苯）
95% 乙醇溶液
复水梯度溶剂
自来水（组织学染色用）
复水后漂洗用水（后续各流水冲洗共用）
Epredia Signature Series 苏木素染液（7221）
细胞核染色
Epredia Signature Series 返蓝液（7301）
返蓝（使细胞核转蓝）
Epredia Signature Series 伊红 Y 染液（7111）
细胞质与结缔组织纤维复染
Permount 组织学封片剂（Fisher SP15）
封片介质

References

Model consultation