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GAN 饮食相关 MASH 模型(文献参考)

Gubra-Amylin NASH(GAN)饮食诱导的肥胖型活检确认MASH模型:高脂(4.49 kcal/g、40 kcal%脂肪,其中饱和脂肪酸按重量占46%)、高果糖(22%)、高蔗糖(10%)、高胆固醇(2%)的GAN饮食自由摄食驱动C57BL/6J小鼠肥胖与肝脏病变,表现为体重增长与肝肿大、血浆ALT/AST升高、血浆与肝脏甘油三酯和总胆固醇升高、血浆炎症因子(TNF-α、MCP-1、IP-10)升高;组织学为重度脂肪变(评分3)伴小叶炎症与进展性纤维化(可活检确认≥F1期),肝细胞气球样变轻微。模型伴肝细胞衰老特征:p21阳性肝细胞增多(参考研究报道较对照升高至约40倍)、γ-H2AX阳性细胞升高、p21+γ-H2AX共表达增加,SASP、细胞周期阻滞与DNA损伤相关基因程序上调;并出现肝脏线粒体功能受损,最大呼吸能力(复合体I+II与解偶联后ETS)与脂肪酸β-氧化关键酶β-HAD活性下降,线粒体脂肪酸氧化相关基因亚组下调。

Outcome measures

获得可供光学显微镜观察的 H&E 染色组织切片:细胞核蓝紫色、细胞质与结缔组织纤维粉红色,用于观察组织中细胞的整体结构与形态细节。本方案本身不产出病理评分数值,也不提供特定分子标志物的定量结果。

ALT 活性,单位 U/L;比较同一检测体系下各组与时间点的变化。

Experimental animals

Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology
Age
起始喂药时 5–6 周龄;肝组织取材终点随分组(最长至 58 周)
Tissue
liver(肝)
Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology
Age
开始喂饲时5–6周龄;GAN饮食喂饲最长58周
Tissue
liver(肝)
Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology
Age
开始喂饲时5–6周龄;GAN饮食喂饲最长58周
Tissue
liver(肝)
Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology
Age
开始喂饲时5–6周龄;GAN饮食喂饲最长58周
Tissue
liver(肝)
Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology
Age
未记载周龄,终点取材组织切片 HE 判读(离体)
Tissue
liver(肝)
血样 ALT 活性测定(Teco A524 动力学法)
Age
8 周龄起喂饲 GAN 饮食(D09100310);约每 8 周眼眶取血纵向监测,观察期终点 32 周
Sex
Male
Tissue
plasma(血浆)

Experimental procedures

脱蜡(Dewaxing) 石蜡切片置于二甲苯中脱蜡 3 次,每次 00:03:00。 复水(Rehydration) 石蜡切片依次置于 100% 乙醇中 3 次、每次 00:03:00,再置于 95% 乙醇中 1 次、00:03:00,随后用水漂洗。 苏木素核染色(Hematoxylin staining) 石蜡切片以苏木素染液染色 00:00:20,随后在流水下冲洗 00:01:00。 分化与返蓝(Differentiation and bluing) 石蜡切片置于返蓝液中 00:01:00,随后在流水下冲洗 00:01:00;此步使细胞核呈现蓝色。 伊红染色(Eosin staining) 石蜡切片以伊红复染 00:00:10;此步使细胞质成分与结缔组织纤维呈现粉红色。 脱水与透明(Dehydration and Clearing) 石蜡切片依次置于 95% 乙醇中 00:02:00、100% 乙醇中 2 次、每次 00:02:00,随后置于二甲苯中 2 次、每次 00:02:00。 封片(Mounting) 石蜡切片以 Permount 封片介质加盖玻片封固。

配制工作试剂 将五份 R1 与一份 R2 混合配成工作试剂。 分装试剂 向标记好的样本管和质控管中各加入 1.0 mL 工作试剂。 预温 所有试管在 37°C 预温至少五分钟。 仪器调零 在 340 nm 下用蒸馏水将分光光度计调零。 加入样本 向对应试管加入 100 µL(0.10 mL)样本,轻轻混匀后转入恒温比色皿。 读取吸光度 在 1 min 读取吸光度;继续在 37°C 孵育,并在第 2 和第 3 分钟再次读取,确认变化速率恒定。 计算活性 求每分钟吸光度变化的平均值(ΔA/min),乘以 1768,得到 ALT 活性(U/L)。 逐样本检测 对每份样本重复上述检测;非恒温比色皿在各次读数间保持 37°C 孵育。

Model identity

Model name
GAN 饮食相关 MASH 模型(文献参考)
Species
mouse
Taxonomy ID
10090
Strain
C57BL/6J
Genetic background
C57BL/6J近交系野生型宿主;MASH状态由GAN饮食长期喂养诱导,无基因改造背景。
Genotype / zygosity
非基因改造(GAN饮食诱导)

Biological characteristics

Phenotype stage
诱导病程:自5-6周龄起喂饲GAN饮食,参考研究喂饲34周后以肝活检确认重度脂肪变与纤维化≥F1期作为造模基线,对照普通饲料组同期观察;衰老与SASP相关基因特征在持续GAN喂饲38周后高度显现并维持;持续喂饲约58周时一致发生肝细胞癌。
Research questions
MASH发生发展中肝细胞衰老、线粒体功能障碍与脂肪毒性代谢的机制研究;饮食干预(改回普通饲料)对代谢、组织学与转录指标逆转窗口的比较;具senolytic(清除衰老细胞)潜力的药物治疗评价。
Limitations
文献参考饮食范式模型,不代表公司实际保有、供应或质检;诱导模型无基因改造MGI品系编号,背景品系标识不等于模型身份编号。动物性别未在该模型文献中注明,不能按惯例假定为雄性;各处理组样本量与8/16/24周饮食逆转时程为特定研究分组设计,不构成全部GAN-DIO-NASH动物的统一观察窗。饮食逆转带来的体重、生化与组织学改善是该研究的干预结果,不表示所有动物自然按此轨迹逆转,且该研究中逆转至24周纤维化分期仍未改善。持续喂饲约58周后一致发生肝细胞癌,长时程观察窗内的衰老信号解读受成瘤活动影响。

Experimental methods

Experimental protocols

  • Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology

    Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections (4 μm). The workflow covers dewaxing, rehydration, hematoxylin nuclear staining, bluing, eosin counterstaining, dehydration and clearing, and coverslipping, yielding blue-purple nuclei and pink cytoplasm and connective tissue fibers for light-microscopic assessment of cellular and tissue morphology.

  • Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology

    Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections (4 μm). The workflow covers dewaxing, rehydration, hematoxylin nuclear staining, bluing, eosin counterstaining, dehydration and clearing, and coverslipping, yielding blue-purple nuclei and pink cytoplasm and connective tissue fibers for light-microscopic assessment of cellular and tissue morphology.

  • Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology

    Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections (4 μm). The workflow covers dewaxing, rehydration, hematoxylin nuclear staining, bluing, eosin counterstaining, dehydration and clearing, and coverslipping, yielding blue-purple nuclei and pink cytoplasm and connective tissue fibers for light-microscopic assessment of cellular and tissue morphology.

  • Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology

    Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections (4 μm). The workflow covers dewaxing, rehydration, hematoxylin nuclear staining, bluing, eosin counterstaining, dehydration and clearing, and coverslipping, yielding blue-purple nuclei and pink cytoplasm and connective tissue fibers for light-microscopic assessment of cellular and tissue morphology.

  • Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology

    Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections (4 μm). The workflow covers dewaxing, rehydration, hematoxylin nuclear staining, bluing, eosin counterstaining, dehydration and clearing, and coverslipping, yielding blue-purple nuclei and pink cytoplasm and connective tissue fibers for light-microscopic assessment of cellular and tissue morphology.

  • 血样 ALT 活性测定(Teco A524 动力学法)

    Teco A524 liquid reagents quantify ALT activity from the decrease in NADH absorbance at 340 nm. The readout measures liver injury.

Reagents and materials

Technical services

Browse technical services

References

  1. Dietary intervention reverses molecular markers of hepatocellular senescence in the GAN diet-induced obese and biopsy-confirmed mouse model of NASH. BMC Gastroenterol 2024;24:73. DOI:10.1186/s12876-024-03141-x; PMID:38308212. 原文方法学定明C57BL/6J小鼠5-6周龄起喂GAN饮食(4.49 kcal/g,40 kcal%脂肪、46%饱和脂肪按重量、22%果糖、10%蔗糖、2%胆固醇,Research Diets D09100310)或普通饲料至58周,34周活检筛选重度脂肪变(3分)伴纤维化≥F1期入组,报告代谢、组织学、线粒体呼吸与p21/γ-H2AX/SASP衰老标志及讨论中约58周一致发生HCC的引用记载。
  2. NCBI Taxonomy官方记录:Mus musculus (Mouse),taxid 10090。页面取回于2026-10-17。
  3. Nathalia L. Oliveira; Samantha Gruenheid. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining for histopathology. protocols.io, v1, 2026-07-31. DOI: 10.17504/protocols.io.kxygxr9jdg8j
  4. Epredia Signature Series Hematoxylin (7221), 产品信息页, Fisher Scientific
  5. Epredia Signature Series Bluing Reagent (7301), 产品信息页, Fisher Scientific
  6. Epredia Signature Series Eosin Y (7111), 产品信息页, Fisher Scientific
  7. Xylene, Fisherbrand HistoPrep (HC7001GAL), 产品信息页, Fisher Scientific
  8. Fisher Chemical Permount Mounting Medium (SP15 产品族), 产品信息页, Fisher Scientific
  9. Ethanol (CID 702, CAS 64-17-5), PubChem 化合物标准记录
  10. Teco Diagnostics. ALT (SGPT) Liquid Reagent (Kinetic Method), A524. Revision 02/2018.
  11. Chan AP et al. Intestinal lipase inhibition uncouples diet-induced obesity from MASH by remodeling the hepatic lipidome in mice. J Lipid Res (2026), DOI 10.1016/j.jlr.2026.101112; PMID 42508572.
  12. ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines